CVE-2025-9905
HIGH 8.7EPSS 0.2%
The Keras Model.load_model method can be exploited to achieve arbitrary code execution, even with safe_mode=True.One can create a specially crafted .h5/.hdf5 model archive that, when loaded via Model.load_model, will trigger arbitrary code to be executed.This is achieved by crafting a special .h5 archive file that uses the Lambda layer feature of keras which allows arbitrary Python code in the form of pickled code. The vulnerability comes from the fact that the safe_mode=True option is not honored when reading .h5 archives.Note that the .h5/.hdf5 format is a legacy format supported by Keras 3 for backwards compatibility.
- CVSS v4.0
- 7.3 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - CVSS v4.0
- 8.7 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H - CVSS v3.1
- 7.3 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - EPSS
- 0.22% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, 12th percentile
- Published
- 2025-09-19
- Updated
- 2026-02-26