CVE-2025-25291
ruby-saml vulnerable to SAML authentication bypass due to DOCTYPE handling (parser differential)
CRITICAL 9.3EPSS 21.0%
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
- Affected
- SAML-Toolkits · ruby-saml
- CVSS v4.0 GITHUB
- 9.3 CRITICAL
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - CVSS v4.0 GitHub
- 9.3 CRITICAL
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - CVSS v3.1 NVD
- 9.8 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - EPSS
- 20.96% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, 98th percentile
- Nuclei
- critical · CWE-347
- Published
- 2025-03-12
- Updated
- 2025-11-03
Proof-of-concept exploits (1)
Nuclei templates (1)
Security advisories
- SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-4vc4-m8qh-g8jm
- omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xv
- https://portswigger.net/research/saml-roulette-the-hacker-always-wins
- https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250314-0010
- https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2024-329_GHSL-2024-330_ruby-saml
- advisories/GHSA-4vc4-m8qh-g8jm
- https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released
- SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9
- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43374519